Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans

Philippe of France, "Son of France", Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701) was the youngest son of King Louis XIII of France and his wife, Anne of Austria. His older brother was the famous King Louis XIV of France, le roi soleil. He was the founder of the House of Orléans. He also inherited a vast fortune from his first-cousin Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, "La Grande Mademoiselle". Philippe was an ancestor of King Louis Philippe I of the French who reigned from 1830 till his exile in 1848.

First marriage
Monsieur married his first-cousin, Princess Henrietta of England, youngest daughter of King Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France, on 31 March 1661, at the Palais Royal in Paris. The couple had children.

Children

 * 1) Marie Louise d'Orléans (26 March 1662 – 12 February 1689) married Charles II of Spain, no children.
 * 2) Philippe Charles d'Orléans, Duke of Valois (16 Julie 1664 – 8 December 1666) died in infancy.
 * 3) Stillborn daughter (9 July 1665);
 * 4) Anne Marie d'Orléans (27 August 1669 – 26 August 1728) married Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy an had children.

Second marriage
The Duke of Orléans Princess Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, "La Princesse Palatine", daughter of Elector Palatine Karl I Ludwig, Elector Palatine and Princess Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel, on 16 November 1671 at Châlons. The couple had issue.

Issue

 * 1) Alexandre Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Valois (2 June 1673 – 16 March 1676) died in infancy.
 * 2) Philippe, Duke of Orléans, (later Regent of France) (2 August 1674 – 2 December 1723) married Marie Françoise de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Blois and had issue.
 * 3) Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (13 September 1676 – 24 December 1744) married Duke Léopold I of Lorraine of Lorraine an had issue.

Titles and styles

 * 21 September 1640 – 14 May 1643 His Royal Highness The Duke of Anjou, Son of France.
 * 14 May 1643 – 2 February 1660 His Royal Highness Monsieur, Duke of Anjou, Son of France, Only brother of the King.
 * 2 February 1660 – 9 June 1701 His Royal Highness Monsieur, Duke of Orléans, Son of France, Only brother of the King.

Honours

 * Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit (France)
 * Knight of the Order of Saint Michel (France)
 * Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (Spain)